Steven M. Reff
Economics Lecturer
University of Arizona
(2007 - 2016)
The 2015 University of Arizona
Five-Star Faculty Award
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Standard 4:  Consumer & Producer Surplus, and Deadweight Loss
Week 4:  Consumer Surplus, Producer Surplus,
             and Elasticity of Demand and Supply
Estimated Learning Time:  4 to 6 class periods (45 min. each)
"Consumer surplus and producer surplus are fundamental concepts typically taught in a
traditional high school economics course, usually within the supply and demand unit to
explain market efficiency, welfare, and the benefits to buyers and sellers, often visualized with
graphs. Students learn that consumer surplus is the difference between what consumers are
willing to pay and what they actually pay, while producer surplus is the difference between the
market price and the minimum price producers are willing to accept. "   Ask Google AI
1
Students' and Teachers' Testimonials
"A traditional high school economics course almost always includes the concept of price elasticity,
as it explains how sensitive consumers and producers are to price changes, linking directly to
supply, demand, and revenue.  "   Ask Google AI
2
Reading Assignment -- Chapter 7:
Video Book -- Chapter 7:
You DO NOT have to VIEW the video links below if you read Chapter 7, Parts I and II
above, but the videos might be good "starter videos" for classroom instruction as
a review AFTER the topic has been taught.  

The 3 self-graded multiple choice questions located UNDERNEATH the YouTube video
tests students knowledge of the subject.
Interactive Activities -- Chapter 7:
Reading Assignment -- Chapter 8:
Video Book -- Chapter 8:
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Starndard 4:  Price Elasticity of Demand
Chapter 7, Part I:  Consumer Surplus (CS) and Producer Surplus (PS)
Chapter 7, Part II:  Deadweight Loss
Area of a Graph
Calculate the Dollar Value of the Area of Total Expenditures
Calculate the Dollar Value of the Area of Consumer Surplus
Calculate the Dollar Value of the Area of Producer Surplus
Calculate the Dollar Value of the Area of Deadweight Loss
Market Consumer Surplus
Individual Consumer Surplus
Individual Producer Surplus
Deadweight Loss
Market Producer Surplus
(1:27 minutes)
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
(3:10 minutes)
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
(1:32 minutes)
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
(2:55 minutes)
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
(2:54 minutes)
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
Elasticity 10 Questions Activity
Elasticity (Simple Elasticity Coefficient) 8 Questions Activity
Chapter 8:  Price Elasticity of Demand
Elasticity and Total Revenue (TR)
(2:23 minutes)
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
Elasticity of Demand Coefficient Example
Elasticity of Demand Coefficient
(2:54 minutes)
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
(3:00 minutes)
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
Interactive Activities -- Chapter 8:
"The concept of deadweight loss (DWL) is typically taught in a traditional high school economics
course . . . to illustrate market inefficiencies from things like monopolies, taxes, price controls
(ceilings/floors), and externalities
(concepts you will learn about later in this course), showing the
loss of total economic surplus (consumer + producer surplus) compared to a perfectly competitive
market."   Ask Google AI
2
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Standard 4:  Price Elasticity of Demand and an Excise Tax
Chapter 8:  Elasticity and Per-Unit Tax
Per-Unit Tax and What Happens to Price
(2:10 minutes)
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
Per-Unit Tax, CS, PS, and DWL
Per-Unit Tax, CS, PS, and Gov. Tax Revenue
(2:08 minutes)
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
(3:09 minutes)
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
Per-Unit Tax (Elastic vs. Inelastic Demand), Part II
Per-Unit Tax (Elastic vs. Inelastic Demand), Part I
(2:32 minutes)
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
(2:21 minutes)
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
"The concepts of elasticity (especially price elasticity of demand/supply) and how they affect
per-unit taxes (tax incidence) are standard topics in high school economics, often covered
together to show real-world application of supply and demand analysis, explaining who truly
pays the tax burden. Students learn that the less elastic (more inelastic) the curve, the more
that group (buyers or sellers) bears the tax, a key part of microeconomics. "   Ask Google AI
2
Reading Assignment -- Chapter 8:
Video Book -- Chapter 8:
Interactive Activities -- Chapter 8:
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Week 4:  Price Elasticity of Supply
Chapter 9:  Price Elasticity of Supply
Elasticity of Supply Coefficient
(2:28 minutes)
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
"The concept of price elasticity of supply (PES) is a fundamental topic covered in traditional
high school economics courses, alongside price elasticity of demand, as it explains how
much the quantity suppliers are willing to sell changes in response to price changes, using
percentage changes and identifying elastic (responsive) vs. inelastic (unresponsive) supply.
It helps students understand business pricing, inventory, and market dynamics, often using
formulas and graphical analysis (steep vs. flat curves). "   Ask Google AI
2
Reading Assignment -- Chapter 8:
Video Book -- Chapter 8:
Interactive Activities -- Chapter 8:
When you open the link below, fill in the interactive answers to the right of the questions.
2009 "Free" Response Question #2 from a College-Level Exam
2014 "Free" Response Question #3 from a College-Level Exam
Reffonomics Baseball RULES of the game (inside a classroom or on your own)
Standard 4:  Elasticity Baseball Game (only play 6 innings).
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Reffonomics Baseball 1:  Elasticity (only play 6 innings)
Review sheet for Week 3 and 4 Quiz
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE:
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Interactive Quiz for Standards 3 and 4 (20 Questions)
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Follow the directions on the website below before answering the questions.
Are You Smart Enough to Answer College-Level Questions about the Elasticity?
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Per-Unit Tax and Per-Unit Subsidy Interactive Graph with Questions
Calculating the Elasticity of Supply (follow the directions on the website)
NOTE:  Reffonomics Baseball can be played inside a classroom or all the questions in
the game can be answered individually as homework.