Steven M. Reff
Economics Lecturer
University of Arizona
(2007 - 2016)
The 2015 University of Arizona
Five-Star Faculty Award
Week 9:  Market Failures, Externalities, and Income Equality
Estimated Learning Time:  4 to 5 class periods (45 min. each)
Students' and Teachers' Testimonials
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
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Standard 9:  Market Failures
"In an on-level high school economics course, students are typically taught . . . primary types of
market failures. These are presented as "glitches" in the system where the free market fails
to allocate resources efficiently, often leading to government intervention to restore balance."    
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Market Failure includes such topics as:  

Externalities
Public Goods
Common Pool of Resources
Unequal Distribution of Income
Reading Assignment -- Chapter 9:
Video Book -- Chapter 9:
Interactive Activities -- Chapter 9:
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
Chapter 10:  Externalities (Negative and Positive)
Chapter 10B:  Externalities (2022)
INTERACTIVE GRAPHS FOR TEACHERS TO USE INSIDE THEIR CLASSROOM:  
Negative Externality Interactive Graph
Positive Externality Interactive Graph
Negative Externality, Part I
(2:44 minutes)
Positive Externality, Part I
Negative Externality, Part II
Positive Externality, Part II
2:32 minutes)
(3:00 minutes)
(1:50 minutes)
Lorenz Curve, Part I
(2:23 minutes)
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
Week 9, eWorkbook Activities (Thursday)
Gini Coefficient Index
Lorenz Curve, Part II
(2:54 minutes)
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
(3:00 minutes)
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
Negative Externalities Interactive Activity
Positive Externalties Interactive Activity
Standard 9:  Externalities
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
(Make sure you take the 3 multiple choice questions underneath the video.)
Reading Assignment -- Chapter 10:
Interactive Activities -- Chapter 10:
Chapter 11:  Private vs. Public Goods
Private vs. Public Goods Interactive Activity
Standard 9:  Private vs. Public Goods
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Reading Assignment -- Chapter 12:
Video Book -- Chapter 12:
Interactive Activities -- Chapter 12:
Chapter 12:  Lorenz Cuve and Income Inequality
Standard 9:  Income Inequality
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Lorenz Curve and Gini Coefficient Graph Interactive Activity
Lorenz Curve (8 Questions)
Lorenz Curve (5 Questions)
Lorenz Curve and Gini Coefficient (13 Questions)
Market Failure and the Role of Government Multiple Choice (25 Questions)
Negative Externality FRQ
2010 "Free" Response Question #3 from a College-Level Exam
Reffonomics Baseball RULES of the game (inside a classroom or on your own)
Standard 9:  Review Externalities and Income Inequality
Reffonomics Baseball:  Externalities (Negative and Positive)
See if You Smart Enough to Answer College-Level Questions about the P Ceiling and P Floor?
NOTE:  Reffonomics Baseball can be played inside a classroom or all the questions in
the game can be answered individually as homework.
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Reffonomics Baseball:  Lorenz Curve and Gini Coefficient
Negative Externality FRQ
2011 "Free" Response Question #3 from a College-Level Exam
(Skip the last question -- question b covering a lump-sum tax.)
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